OVERCOMING FIBROID INFERTILITY WITH IUI

To many of us in Nigeria and black Africa, Fibroid is not a new issue, because about half of all women in Nigeria have Fibroids, so most ladies know about it. Just this last week alone more than 60% of cases I had to handle in the clinic had fibroid issues.

Even though fibroids have not been shown to be the major cause of infertility, in about 60% to 70% of ladies above 35 years of age, it is infact a very big obstacle to their getting pregnant, because it has either become very big and multiple so locating itself in a very dangerous position that can make conception difficult.

One of the basic reasons that can make ladies with fibroids to suffer prolonged infertility is the issue of  big wombs due to multiple fibroids.  The fibroids, though located away from the center of the womb are mainly in muscle layer of the uterus, so expanding the uterus. Most ladies without fibroids have a uterine cavity length of about 30 to 50mm but ladies with fibroids have cavity length over 70 to 150mm with this extra length, the male sperm cell now have a very difficult and tortous journey to make it to the fallopian tubes, so almost all of them die before they reach the released egg during ovulation, naturally in this case the lady will continue to suffer from infertility. In other cases the fibroids are located in the lower segment so making it almost  impossible for the sperm cell to even bother entering the womb.

The most pathetic case of all is where the lady’s husband now have a problem of low sperm count. This is serious because it has been proven that men with low sperm count, produce sperm cell that have low motility and poor stamina, so imagine that, how now will such sperm cell be able to run a marathon race that the goal post have now been shifted by the fibroids in the womb.

This is the main reason of fibroid infertility, it is becoming a major issue that is making  many families to cry. The question is this, is there any solution? and is there any way that we can go around this difficulty and assist the couples to get pregnant?

The answer is YES. There are many things that can be done to improve the chance of the couple to get pregnant such as Routine Ultrasound Scan Check Up, Saline Infusion Scan [SIS] to evaluate the endometrium, HSG to check out tubal blockage, Sonohydrotubation  to clear the fallopian tubes in case of blockage and Folliculometry to evaluate ovulation.

In this article I will mainly explain the simplest and very effective solution known worldwide. It is called sperm washing and intrauterine insemination (IUI). If you have been a close follower of my write ups you would have seen a lot of my articles on sperm washing and IUI.  However I will just do a brief writing up about it.

Sperm washing is a laboratory process where the male sperm is collected and processed to remove all weak and dead sperm cells and only the best and active cells are now injected into the ladies womb by a simple catheter during her ovulation period, this other process is called intrauterine insemination (IUI).

Sperm washing is recommended for couples who have married for over 2 years without pregnancy due to unknown causes, that means, the couples have been tested and both have been found okay,  but they are just not getting pregnant, this is called UNEXPLAIN INFERTILITY.

Another group that need sperm washing and IUI are those couples where the husband has low sperm count, low sperm count have been found a very difficult condition to treat because it continues to reoccur ,  so the only known sure treatment especially where the count is above 3 millions is sperm washing.

Also another group that need sperm washing and IUI are couples, where the lady (Wife) has fibroids, as I have explained earlier, the womb with fibroid are large so making it difficult for the sperm to reach the fallopian tube. In sperm washing and IUI, with the help of insemination catheter which is pushed near the fallopian tube and the washed sperm cells injected near the tubes to very much shorten the journey of the sperm cells and increase their chances of meeting the egg so helping the lady get pregnant.

One other group that need sperm washing and IUI apart from ladies with fibroids, are ladies with cervical problems. These are ladies who have had a difficulty in deliveries in the past where they had damage to their cervix , after healing some of them are known to suffer from SECONDARY INFERTILITY because of scarring that make it uncomfortable for the sperm cell to sperm through cervix, sometimes  the cervix is so dry that no sperm cell can really survive in the vagina after the husband has released, sometimes the lady produce toxic vaginal discharge or have infections that really affect the released sperm cells badly.

All these groups of couples must really avail themselves of 3 to 4 cycles of sperm washing and IUI to make it possible for them to conceive and have babies of their own.

This and other topics of infertility including treatment options are contained in the Secret Fertility System.
Right now, I am going to give you a FREE REPORT on this Incredible System that will make you and your spouse very happy.
To get this FREE REPORT and start making healthy babies of your choice.
JUST GO TO THIS SITE ………… http://bit.ly/9eM8lH

CAN FIBROIDS REALLY CAUSE INFERTILITY?

Hi Friend,

There is this client I know, she is now in her forties and seeking a child in her 10 years marriage. She told me that when she was young and unmarried she had been pregnant thrice , but like many young ladies in her age had done abortions. By the time she got married in her mid thirties she discovered that she now have fibroids and unable to get pregnant. She believed it was due to the many fibroids that are now in her womb that is causing her infertility.
She is just one client, but I assure you there are hundreds more in this situation. I have noticed that once a lady discovers that she definitely have fibroids, she just presume that it will cause her infertility. This will lead me to try and answer the question “Can Fibroids Really Cause Infertility?”
The answer is Yes and No. To briefly explain my answers I will go about it this way

In Nigeria and Africa, it has been proven that about 40 to 50% of ladies have fibroids.
Imagine that, that is half of all women in Nigeria, Now among those half with fibroid 90% of them are fertile and able to have as many children as they want.

Just about 10% of women with fibroids are infertile, if you also check the other half of women without fibroids 90% of them are able to have as many children as they desire, so also only 10% of them are also infertile. So approximately only 10% of the women population in Nigeria are infertile, whether with or without fibroid. so you can see that in the 90% with fibroids, the fibroids did not stop them from having children, they were as fertile as these without fibroids, so in that I will conclude that fibroids are not a major cause of infertility.

You will want to remind me that I also answered “Yes”, of course I did, among the 10% that are infertile and have fibroids, it is possible that in some of them (not all) fibroids could be a cause of their infertility. Fibroids can easily cause infertility if it is located abnormally in the womb. if the mass is located in the center of the womb it could act as a contraceptive devise stopping the implantation of pregnancy in the womb, if it is located near the fallopian tubes it could block the sperms from meeting the eggs so it cause infertility. if it is too large it could lead to miscarriages causing infertility.
Fibroid also make the womb large, so making the sperm cells travel for too long to meet the egg in the fallopian tube, so most of them die before they could meet the egg, and so fertilization will not take place, causing infertility.

In these cases, Fibroids could be a cause of infertility

Whenever a client comes to see me in cases of infertility and complained of fibroids, I always tell them to ignore the fibroids for now and concentrate on solving the infertility issues first. In most cases I usually recommend tests like

(1) SIS (Saline Infusion Scan) to really check the endometrium where implantation take place

(2) HSG (Hysterosalpingography) to check out the fallopian tubes and rule out blockages.

(3) Hormonal Profile to check her hormone states.

(4) Folliculometry to monitor her ovulation and see the size and quality of her eggs.

(5) Chlamydia test and HVS for infections

(6) and finally to check the husband sperms for volume, count, quality and motility.

In some cases, I recommend assisted pregnancy techniques like sperm washing & IUI, especially where the womb is enlarged so that the husband’s sperm cells can be placed near the fallopian tubes, so that the sperm cells can meet the egg quickly without going through the long wilderness journey that leads to their death.

One reason why I believe that husbands should check themselves early in marriage is that male factor infertility is about 40% of all cases of infertility in the world, the reason for the increase in low sperm count cases worldwide are not known , it is believed that environmental factors and modern life style are the major causes. A man that impregnates his wife or girlfriends just one year ago may just have low sperm count and infertility the next year. So the ego thing should be removed and let all married men submit themselves for sperm tests whenever their is a delay in conception.

Recently I had this client who informed me that earlier in their marriage about 4 years ago, she had done many scans that showed she had no fibroid, but the husband was diagnosed with low sperm count. After 4 years she have now developed very wickedly located fibroids that lead to herself been infertile even worse than the husband’s case. Her case is just one, I have seen hundred of these cases where the husband was the initial cause of infertility, now the wife is advanced in age and now the major cause. What I now advise men with long standing low sperm count, not to continue waiting but go ahead and try the superior sperm washing treatment. I believe that it is cheaper in the long run to try 2 or 3 trials of sperm washing and IUI to try and get pregnant, than to continue using all the many orthodox and non-orthodox drugs that have not shown any improvement .The truth must be told, very few drugs can really improve sperm count all they do is improve sperm motility.

So do not wait forever, try something new and adventurous, it may just do it, and save the ladies the torture of developing dangerously placed fibroids and becoming infertile.

This and other topics of infertility including treatment options are contained in the Secret Fertility System.
Right now, I am going to give you a FREE REPORT on this Incredible System that will make you and your spouse very happy.
To get this FREE REPORT and start making healthy babies of your choice.

JUST GO TO THIS SITE ………… http://bit.ly/9eM8lH

CHLAMYDIA, MORE DANGEROUS THAN STAPHYLOCCOCUS TO YOUR FERTILITY

Hi friend,
Staphyloccocus aureus has been well publicised as the major cause of almost all illnesses in the body by the natural healers and has been mainly blamed for infertility.  Recently I have attended to so many clients that have made up their minds that the major cause of them been infertile is due to infection from staphylococcus  following numerous laboratory tests.  I can agree that staphylococcus is one of the bacteria that can cause PID [pelvic inflammatory disease] so also is gonorrhoea, tuberculosis, Chlamydia etc.

So staphylococcus is not the major cause of infertility, in fact you need to have a low immunity for staphylococcus to be a major problem, and many clients I know having infertility problems have good immunity status.One bacterium that is known to be majorly linked to infertility is called Chlamydia trachomatis, this bacterium is unique because it has been proven scientifically worldwide to be the major cause of fallopian tube damage, that will definitely eventually be the cause of infertility, this bacterium is so dangerous because it is a sexually transmitted disease, unlike staphylococcus that is not sexually transmitted. All couples having infertility problems must be tested for Chlamydia trachomatis and treated thoroughly, this is very important.

Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacterial pathogen causing sexually transmitted disease (STD) . It often goes undiagnosed and may be inadequately treated when it is diagnosed. Some of the reason for this underdiagnosis is that chlamydial infections often produce no symptoms and only mild, non-specific signs. If left untreated it can persist for at least 15 months and can have potentially serious lifetime consequences.

Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by the bacterium, Chlamydia trachomatis, the bacteria can infect the urinary and reproductive organs, which can damage a woman’s reproductive organs. Even though symptoms of chlamydia are usually mild or absent, serious complications that cause irreversible damage, including infertility, can occur “silently” before a woman ever recognizes a problem. Chlamydia also can cause discharge from the penis of an infected man.

Certain patient populations are at higher risk. These include:

[1] Patients with contacts with known STDs [2] Persons with a new partner in the past 2 months [3] Persons with more than 2 partners in the past 12 months [4] Individuals using non barrier methods of contraception [5] Street youth, IV drug users, commercial sex workers [6] Persons who have had sex in countries where certain STDs are epidemic [7] Homosexual men .

SYMPTOMS

In many cases, chlamydia causes only mild symptoms or no symptoms at all. So an infection can last for weeks or months before it is discovered.In females, chlamydia symptoms can include:[1] Vaginal irritation[2] Vaginal discharge[3] Lower abdominal pain[4] Burning feeling with urinationUntreated chlamydia also can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can affect the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. In some cases, PID has no symptoms but often causes abdominal or lower back pain, painful urination, pain during intercourse, bleeding between menstrual periods, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, or fever.If chlamydia or PID infections go untreated in females, they can lead to scarring of the fallopian tubes, which can lead to other serious health problems such as chronic pelvic pain, infertility, or ectopic (tubal) pregnancy.

HOW DOES CHLAMYDIA AFFECT A PREGNANT WOMAN AND HER BABY?

In pregnant women, there is some evidence that untreated chlamydial infections can lead to premature delivery. Babies who are born to infected mothers can get chlamydial infections in their eyes and respiratory tracts. Chlamydia is a leading cause of early infant pneumonia and conjunctivitis (pink eye) in newborns.

HOW IS CHLAMYDIA DIAGNOSED?

There are laboratory tests to diagnose chlamydia. Some can be performed on urine, other tests require that a specimen be collected from a site such as the penis or cervix.

This and other topics of infertility including treatment options are contained in the Secret Fertility System.Right now, I am going to give you a FREE REPORT on this Incredible System that will make you and your spouse very happy.To get this FREE REPORT and start making healthy babies of your choice.JUST GO TO THIS SITE …………  http://bit.ly/9eM8lH

HSG, FALLOPIAN TUBE BLOCKAGE, AND INFERTILITY

Some few months ago, an anxious female patient visited our clinic , she has not had any child nor pregnancy for 6 years. Her husband , and her husband’s family were putting serious pressure on her.
She came over to us to have her fallopian tubes checked out by the ‘’MIRACLE TEST’’ called HSG [Hysterosalpingography].
Some two months after the HSG test was done, she got pregnant, now she is eight months pregnant, heavy and getting ready to deliver her first baby after 6 years in marriage.

TUBAL FACTOR INFERTILITY
Tubal factor infertility accounts for about 20-25% of all cases of infertility. This category includes cases in which the woman has completely blocked fallopian tubes and also women who have either one blocked tube or no tubal blockage but tubal scarring or other tubal damage.
Tubal factor infertility is usually caused by either pelvic infection, such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) or pelvic endometriosis . Sometimes it can be caused by scar tissue that forms after pelvic surgery.
In cases of relatively minor tubal damage it can be difficult to be certain that the infertility problem is solely due to the tubal damage. There may be other significant contributing causes that are resulting in the problem conceiving.
In general, the standard infertility testing is performed on all couples and if no other cause of infertility is found, the presumptive diagnosis can be tubal factor. However, if the degree of tubal scarring is very minimal, a diagnosis of unexplained infertility could be warranted.

PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE [PID], AND TUBAL FACTOR INFERTILITY
Pelvic inflammatory disease is usually caused by invasion of either staphylococcus , gonorrhea or chlamydia from the cervix up to the uterus and tubes. The infection in these tissues causes an intense inflammatory response. Bacteria, white blood cells and other fluids (pus) fill the tubes as the body combats the infection.
Eventually, the body wins and the bacteria are controlled and destroyed. However, during the healing process the delicate inner lining of the tubes (tubal mucosa) is permanently scarred. The end of the tube by the ovaries may become partially or completely blocked, and scar tissue often forms on the outside of the tubes and ovaries.
All of these factors can impact ovarian or tubal function and the chances for conception in the future. If pelvic inflammatory disease is treated very early and aggressively with IV antibiotics, the tubal damage might be minimized, and fertility maintained.
Another problem seen after PID is tubal ectopic pregnancy. The rate of ectopic pregnancy in women with previous known PID is increased 6-10 times higher than in women with no previous history of PID.
A published study of 745 women with one or more episodes of PID that attempted to conceive showed that 16% of the women were infertile from tubal occlusion. Of those that conceived, 6.4% had ectopic pregnancies.

TESTING FOR TUBAL FACTOR INFERTILITY

HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY [HSG]
A hysterosalpingogram, or HSG is an important test of female fertility potential.
The HSG test is a radiology procedure usually done in the radiology department of a hospital (or outpatient radiology facility). Radiographic contrast (dye) is injected into the uterine cavity through the vagina and cervix. The uterine cavity fills with dye and if the fallopian tubes are open the dye will fill the tubes and spill into the abdominal cavity.
This determines if the fallopian tubes are open or blocked and whether the blockage is located at the junction of the tube and uterus (proximal) or whether it is at the other end of the fallopian tube (distal). These are the areas where the tube is most commonly blocked. Very successful treatment for tubal factor infertility is available.
There are other things that potentially can be seen on a hysterosalpingogram other that whether the tubes are open or blocked. The uterine cavity is evaluated for the presence of congenital uterine anomalies, polyps, fibroid tumors or uterine scar tissue. The fallopian tubes are also examined for defects within them, for suggestion of partial blockage, and for evidence of pelvic scar tissue in the abdominal cavity near the tubes.

DOES HSG IMPROVE THE CHANCE FOR GETTING PREGNANT?
Pregnancy rates in several studies have been reported to be very slightly increased in the first months following a hysterosalpingogram. This may be due to the fact that the flushing of the tubes with the contrast could open a minor blockage or clean out some debris that may be a factor that is preventing the couple from conceiving.

This and other topics of infertility including treatment options are contained in the Secret Fertility System.
Right now, I am going to give you a FREE REPORT on this Incredible System that will make you and your spouse very happy.
To get this FREE REPORT and start making healthy babies of your choice.
JUST GO TO THIS SITE …………  http://bit.ly/9eM8lH

JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX Ikotun Lagos Nigeria , offers comprehensive Tubal Factor Infertility check and Hysterosalpingogram [HSG] to check for tubal blockages and other uterine anomalies.For accurate assessment of Tubal Factor Infertility with HSG, contact JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX Ikotun lagos Nigeria.

Regards
Dr. Victor Efughi
Consultant Clinical Specialist Sonographer

For FREE Consultation and FREE Counseling. Also for Quality and Accurate Medical Diagnostic Tests Contact
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LOW SPERM COUNT AND STAPHYLOCCOCUS

A wonderful looking couple came to our clinic sometime ago. The man and his wife indeed were really looking lovely, he was a very tall and athletic built handsome man , his wife could easily pass for Miss World.
They had been married for more than 10 years with no child [ a case of primary infertility].
After consulting with the two of them, the wife then left to our other departments to conduct some tests. The man now had some free time with me, and decided to open up.
He confessed that before marriage he had successfully impregnated more than 6 ladies [ which all of course underwent abortions]. He also contracted at different times sexually transmitted diseases and others [ of course they were all treated successfully].
When he got married to his wife, they tried having a child for 5 years without success. The wife had undergone many tests in many places that proved she was ok.
He privately did some tests five years ago, and discovered he had very low sperm count and staphylococcus infestation. He had treated it all these years and up till this moment [ however without the knowledge of his wife] was still having low sperm count. He told me he had visited many doctors, native doctors, traditional drug street hawkers, pastors, imam, babalawos and many others privately seeking solution to his problems.
So indeed he knew he was a cause of childlessness in the marriage .

Staphyloccocus infection has being a serious issue in Nigeria as regards infertility and still is . Many unorthodox practitioners have continued to make millions of naira, branding staphylococcus as the only cause of infertility and have continued to give myriads of different concoctions to cure it. Up till today the situation remains the same.
There are many causes of low sperm count, which includes different types of infections [staphylococcus being one].
In this article we are going to look at low sperm count, their causes, diagnosis/tests done to investigate it and some preventions/treatments.

INFERTILITY
Infertility is the inability of a woman to get pregnant after a period of one year despite regular or normal sexual intercourse with her male partner during ovulation or without family planning.It can also be defined as the inability of a woman to carry pregnancy due to miscarriage. Infertility is also a common case among men. In their own case, it is their inability to impregnate a woman after a year of regular sexual intercourse during a woman’s ovulation.
As incidence of infertility is gradually getting to epidemic level, healthcare providers have fingered sexually transmitted infections as the major cause.Prominent among these infections are gonorrhea, syphilis and staphylococcus.
According to a recent research, infertility is known to be majorly caused by infection which ranges from Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) such as gonorrhea and syphilis. It blocks the passage of the sperm.

Chronic Prostatitis which could also be as a result of Staphylococcus infection causes infertility in men thereby leading to complication like low sperm count (Oligospermia) watery sperm (Necrospermia) zero sperm count (Azoospermia).
Staphylococcus aureus was consistently isolated from the semen cultures of men with Low Sperm Count.

Low sperm count (Oligozoospermia) is one of the main causes of male infertility. It is considered that a man has low sperm count when he has less than 20 million spermatozoa per one ml of ejaculate.
A great number of medical conditions as well as many biologic and environmental factors can cause low sperm count temporarily or permanently. Unfortunately, the reliable treatments for increasing sperm count are not as many.

CAUSES OF LOW SPERM COUNT
Here are some of the possible causes of low sperm count:
[1]Absence of sperm or low sperm count may be due to an infection associated with high fever that occurs after puberty. Mumps has long been associated with infertility in a man. Infections like gonorrhea, syphilis and staphylococcus and tuberculosis can destroy the male reproductive tracts and inhibit sperm production or kill sperm cells.
[2]Problems with sperm production – such problems can be genetic (for example Klinefelter’s syndrome) or based on a hormonal disorder
[3]Testicular injury and disease – injuries that affect the testicles may affect sperm production and cause low sperm count
[4]Malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies – deficiency of some nutrients (for example Zinc, Selenium, vitamin C, etc.) may also lead to low sperm count
[5]Overheating – excessive heat from saunas, hot tubs, etc. may decrease sperm production and lower sperm count
[6]Smoking – smoking cigarettes may impair male fertility since it is known to reduce sperm count and sperm lifespan
[7]Drugs – the use of cocaine and heavy marijuana is known to reduce sperm count by 50%
[8]Excessive alcohol consumption – alcohol is toxic to sperm and may reduce sperm count and quality
[9]Prescribed medications – many prescription medications are known to reduce sperm count and decrease fertility
[10]Environmental toxins, radiation and heavy metals – a number of environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins or chemicals, can reduce sperm count either by affecting testicular function directly or by affecting the hormone system
[11]Obesity – many studies find association between low sperm count and obesity in men
[12]Stress and excessive physical or mental exertion – these can cause some hormonal changes in the body that can affect sperm count and fertility
[13]Varicocele - A varicocele is a varicose vein in the cord that connects to the testicle. (A varicose vein is one that is abnormally enlarged and twisted.) Varicoceles are found in 15% to 20% of all men and in 25% to 40% of infertile men. A varicocele is a small flaw in the anatomy of a vein. If such a vein exists, surplus blood, and therefore too much heat, gets to the testicles, causing the sperm to die. Every man who has a varicocele is not infertile. However, about 30 percent of men who are infertile have a varicocele. The size of the varicocele seems to have no bearing on sperm count.
Varicoceles can be corrected with a simple surgical procedure or a new nonsurgical technique in which a tiny silicone balloon or coil is inserted into the area to close off the swollen vein, rerouting the blood to other blood vessels.

[14]Bicycling/Motorcycling – blood vessels and nerves may be damaged due to the pressure from the bike seat.
[15]Some jobs can lead to low sperm count- Men who work as painters, decorators and printers are much more likely to have a low sperm count compared with other male professionals, due to their repeated exposure to organic solvents, such as paint thinner and turpentine, new research suggests.

DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING

[1] SEMEN ANALYSIS – This is a very simple and important test and should be done early in the evaluation process. Sometimes the test should be done 2, or even 3 times to get an accurate reflection of the numbers and their variation over time. Semen analysis is a test to measure the amount and quality of a man’s semen and sperm. Semen is the thick, white, sperm-containing fluid released during ejaculation.
The test is sometimes called a sperm count.
You will need to provide a semen sample. Your health care provider will explain how to collect a sample.
Sample collection may involve masturbation and collecting the sperm into a sterile container. It may also be collected during intercourse by using a special condom supplied by your health care provider.
A laboratory specialist must look at the sample within 2 hours of the collection. The earlier the sample is analyzed, the more reliable the results.

[2] BLOOD TESTS – For most infertile men, the semen analysis is the only test which needs to be done – after all, the only job of a man is to provide sperm to fertilise the egg ! For men with a low sperm count, there is need to do any other tests, such as blood tests for measuring the levels of key reproductive hormones, such as prolactin, FSH, LH and testosterone. For men with azoospermia ( zero sperm count), additional blood tests may be useful . The serum FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) level test is a useful one for assessing testicular function. If the reason for the azoospermia is testicular failure, then this is reflected in a raised FSH level. This is because, in these patients, the testis also fails to produce a hormone called inhibin (which normally suppresses FSH levels to their normal range). A high FSH level is usually diagnostic of primary testicular failure, a condition in which the seminiferous tubules in the testes do not produce sperm normally, because they are damaged.

[3] ULTRASOUND SCAN FOR LOW SPERM COUNT – The use of ultrasonography has become an important component in the evaluation and treatment of male reproductive tract disorders.
Ultrasound scan of the Urinary bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles, ejaculatory ducts, testes, epididymis and for varicocoele, spermatocoele and hydrocoele including scrotal hernia are very important .
From the use of color flow Doppler ultrasonography for the assessment of varicoceles to transrectal ultrasonography combined with seminal vesiculography for the evaluation of ejaculatory duct obstruction, ultrasonography has practical clinical applications. The recent advances in diagnostic transrectal ultrasonography for ejaculatory duct obstruction.

TREATMENT FOR LOW SPERM COUNT

The treatment for low sperm count that will be assigned to you will depend on its cause.
However, sometimes the real cause of low sperm count is never found. Additionally, many disorders affecting sperm production cannot be cured at all or do not respond well to treatment.
Yet, this does not mean that you should be reconciled to the problem. There are a lot of things you can do to reduce the risk of low sperm count.
[1]Switch to a healthier, balanced diet, rich in vegetables and whole grains.
[2]Exercise regularly.
[3]Try to reduce stress.
[4]Keep weight off; if you are overweight, lose the excess weight.
[5]Don’t smoke
[6]Reduce or eliminate alcohol consumption.
[7]Don’t use recreational drugs.
[8]Ejaculate less often; maintain a gap of three days between ejaculations.
[9]Avoid tight underwear, saunas, hot tubs and anything else that may increase the temperature of the testicles.
[10]Maintaining a healthy weight, sticking to a healthy diet, avoiding alcohol, cigarettes, and illegal drugs can all help you get your sperm count back to norm. Add to this healthy lifestyle the proper blend of herbs, vitamins and minerals and you will be able not only to increase your sperm count but also improve sperm quality and motility.

SPERM WASHING: If you are having difficulties getting your wife pregnant due to low sperm count , you may have decided to try certain fertility treatments in order to increase your chances of conceiving. Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is often the first type of fertility treatment attempted by couples. In order to get sperm ready for the IUI procedure, it must first be washed. Sperm washing may sound strange, but it actually works to ensure that only the healthiest sperm are used during the procedure. Sperm washing can increase your chances of conception and may help you to welcome a new addition to your family.Sperm Washing is sometimes also called sperm preparation or spinning. It is a laboratory technique for separating sperm from semen, and separating motile sperm from non-motile sperm, for use in assisted reproduction such as Intrauterine insemination [IUI] and Invitro-fertilisation [IVF]

Sperm washing is a procedure used to prepare sperm for use in IUI. It allows your partner’s sperm a better chance for survival and fertilization. Sperm washing separates sperm cells from a man’s semen, helping to get rid of dead or slow-moving sperm as well as additional chemicals that may impair fertilization.The washing technique for near normal specimens is mixing the ejaculate after liquefaction with the appropriate washing medium followed by centrifugation. (A centrifuge is a machine that separates materials with different densities by spinning them at high speed.) The supernatant is discarded and the sediment (sperm rich fraction) is re-suspended in more washing medium. This process is repeated 2-3 times maximum. In the final wash, the sediment is re-suspended in 0.5 cc of medium, loaded into a syringe and deposited in the womb.

From the above you can see that sperm washing is highly beneficial to infertile couples, infact it is one of the brightest rays of hope for couples who have been thinking that it is impossible for them to have children of their own.So this is not the time to cry over your problem eternally, go ahead and check out options like sperm washing.

This and other topics of infertility including treatment options are contained in the Secret Fertility System.
Right now, I am going to give you a FREE REPORT on this Incredible System that will make you and your spouse very happy.
To get this FREE REPORT and start making healthy babies of your choice.
JUST GO TO THIS SITE …………  http://bit.ly/9eM8lH

JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX Ikotun Lagos Nigeria , offers comprehensive Low Sperm Count and Staphyloccocus Check for Male Factor Infertility Investigations .such as Semen/sperm analysis. Blood tests for Hormone checks [FSH, LH, Prolactin and Testosterone]. Colour Doppler Ultrasound Scan for male infertility checks [Testes, Varicoceles, and Ejaculatory duct obstruction] , contact JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX Ikotun lagos Nigeria.

Regards
Dr. Victor Efughi
Consultant Clinical Specialist Sonographer

For FREE Consultation and FREE Counseling. Also for Quality and Accurate Medical Diagnostic Tests Contact
JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX

JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX——-WE ARE AN ULTRAMODERN MEDICAL IMAGING CENTER. WE ARE EXPERTS IN ULTRASOUND SCAN SERVICES, 3D/4D COLOUR DOPPLER SCAN SERVICES, X-RAY/RADIOLOGY SERVICES, ECG SERVICES, INFERTILITY SERVICES, HSG SERVICES, LABORATORY SERVICES,BLOOD BANKING SERVICES , DNA SERVICES, AND HEALTH CONSULTANCY/COUNSELLING SERVICES.
We are located at

JOAS HOUSE, 2, Okesuna Street, Opposite Synagogue Church Busstop, Bolorunpelu, Ikotun, Lagos, Nigeria, WestAfrica.

TEL:
+23418112054
+2348023069403
+2348033535729

EMAIL:
joasmedicaldiagnostix@yahoo.com
joasmedicaldiagnostix@gmail.com

http://www.joasdiagnostix.8m.net
http://www.joasmedicaldiagnostix.8m.com
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0DqKdifKE7I

DISCLAIMER
The contents, blogs and postings provided in this site are offered strictly for informational purposes only and should not be construed as legal, medical nor financial advice on any matter. We have made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information presented, and if you have any questions regarding the contents please contact us.
The informations provided in this site is subject to change without notice.
This site may contain links to other internet sites, we are not responsible for the privacy, practices nor the content of such sites, nor their relationships .

FEMALE FACTOR INFERTILITY

She looked at me in desperation, as if to say ‘’Give me a child now or I die here, because I cannot go home without one. I cannot afford to fail the second time’’.
Her case is like the plight of so many infertile African women.
She had been married to her first husband for over 10 years without giving him a child. When the man got tired of waiting , he decided to test his manhood by playing an away game with his secretary, and scored, she became pregnant for him.
As if that was not enough problem for the poor lady, her mother in-law and sisters in-law came over , beat her thoroughly then threw her out of her matrimonial home to make way for the new pregnant secretary/wife to take over.
Luckily she was such a pretty and desirable lady, so not long she had remarried to another man.
She is now married to her new husband for 4 years without giving him any child.
Now she is desperate.

INFERTILITY: is usually defined as no pregnancy after one year of unprotected intercourse. This is a relative measurement. Over time, many couples may achieve pregnancy. In five years, nearly one half of “infertile” couples will conceive.

SUBFERTILITY: is used to describe gradations between normal fertility and sterility, often used interchangeably with infertility.

FECUNDABILITY: is the pregnancy rate from one menstrual cycle. The normal rate in humans is 20%. Seventy-five percent of normally fertile couples are expected to have conceived in six months and almost 100% by one year.

STERILITY: is the absolute inability to procreate: an absent uterus in women, absent testes in men. In years past, a woman with blocked fallopian tubes or man with an obstructed vas deferens would be sterile. But with assisted reproductive technology (ART), this is no longer the case.Normal fertility can be considered from several different points of view: the couple, the female and the male. In this article, we are going to look at female fertility: the biological steps and mechanisms, the defects, the causes of the defects and what to do.

THREE BASIC QUESTIONS
There are really three basic questions that have to be answered when doctors try to determine why a woman is having problems getting pregnant.
[1]Is she ovulating?
[2]Is there a clear passage from the ovary to the uterus?
[3]How old is she?
A similar set of questions has to be answered in men. Is there sperm? Can it be delivered to the female? Is the sperm normal? In the male these questions are answered in a preliminary and rather thorough way by semen analysis. With women the process is more complicated.

FEMALE INFERTILITY
Female factor infertility is the inability to conceive or carry a pregnancy to term due to one or more problems specific to females. For example, if a couple is struggling to achieve pregnancy and the male has adequate sperm count, motility, and shape, but the woman has polycystic ovarian syndrome, then their inability to conceive is likely due to female factor infertility.

FEMALE FERTILITY PROBLEMS
There are several conditions that contribute to female factor infertility, including uterine and pelvic abnormalities, secondary infertility, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and hostile cervical mucus. It is important to understand, however, that infertility, whether male infertility or female infertility, is not the same thing as sterility – conception and successful pregnancy are possible in many cases. Likewise, secondary infertility (the inability of a couple to conceive after having already achieved a successful pregnancy or pregnancies) can often be treated.
[1] Abnormal Uterine/Pelvic Area
[2] Blocked Fallopian Tubes
[3] Endometriosis
[4] Hostile cervical mucus. This is a condition in which the cervical mucus creates a thick barrier that sperm cannot penetrate.
[5] Irregular Ovulation
[6] Medications/Contraceptives and Infertility
[7] Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
[8] Premature Ovarian Failure
[9] Uterine Fibroids
[10] High levels of the hormone prolactin
[11] Galactorhoea (milk leaking from the breasts).
[12] Amennorhoea [absence of periods]
[13] The production of sperm antibodies (when a woman develops antibodies to her partner’s sperm).

INFERTILITY AFTER MISCARRIAGE
The termination of a pregnancy is devastating to couples who wish to have a baby; worse yet is the prospect of female infertility after miscarriage. Unfortunately, such a fate is possible. This form of female factor infertility can be caused by hormonal, environmental, immunological, and even physiological problems. There is hope, however, with treatment from a female fertility specialist.

SECONDARY INFERTILITY
Sometimes female infertility occurs after a woman has already given birth to one or more children. If a couple has already successfully conceived and delivered before, but is having difficulty becoming pregnant again, they may be experiencing secondary infertility.Secondary infertility can be caused by a wide range of issues, including age, irregular ovulation, endometriosis, hostile cervical mucus, and an abnormal uterus or pelvis. Scar tissue from the previous pregnancy may be causing blockage to the fallopian tubes or cervix, resulting in female factor infertility.

INFERTILITY CAUSED BY ABORTION
There is a risk of becoming infertile after an abortion, arising from various complications. If you have had a first trimester abortion (in the first 13 weeks) this is done by vacuum suction which can cause perforation of the womb. This is when the womb ruptures and causes internal bleeding. It is life threatening and the surgeon would be required to do additional surgery to repair the damage. Sometimes after this has occurred, the damage to the womb prevents another embryo from attaching. Rupture happens in about 1% of cases, so if 100 women had an abortion, one of them would have this problem.The main abortion complications that could cause infertility:90% of abortions are done in the first trimester. However, a late abortion frequently requires a material called laminaria to dilate the cervix. This makes the passage large enough to allow a suction tube to be inserted. The laminaria could weaken the cervix and conceivably cause infertility.If the physician scrapes too hard, the lower lining of the uterus can be removed. This is extremely rare.An untreated infection can scar the uterus and cause later fertility problems. The infection rate for first trimester abortions is less than 1%. Most women monitor their body temperature after an abortion to detect if an infection has occurred. Early detection should prevent any problems.
A woman who already have gonorrhea or chlamydia are very likely to suffer pelvic inflammatory disease which causes infertility. They are particularly susceptible to damage from PID after an abortion. This can be avoided by obtaining a STD test before the abortion.The suction tube can perforate both the uterus and a large blood vessel or intestine. If the latter happens, then surgery may be required. The surgery can cause infertility. Perforation of the uterus is also quite rare.
It would seem that if the physician is competent, and the woman monitors her body temperature after the procedure, that the chances of an abortion causing later infertility is quite remote.

CAUSES AND MECHANISMS OF FEMALE INFERTILITY
The main causes of female factor infertility are ovulation disorders, tubal disease and endometriosis. In a population of infertile couples, if you consider unexplained and male factor infertility at about 25% each, ovulatory disorders and tubal factors would be about 20% each and endometriosis 5-10%, with small percentages for uterine/cervical problems.3

The history and physical exam offer us many hints about the cause of infertility :

FEMALE INFERTILITY WORK-UP: HISTORY AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION.

HISTORY
[1]Systemic illnesses: weight gain, weight loss
[2]Cancer, chemotherapy, radiation treatment, surgery
[3]Urogenital system: surgery: D & C, laparoscopy
[4]Pregnancy: outcome
[5]Menstruation: regular, irregular, absent
[6]Pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia
[7]Sexual history: function, sexually transmitted disease, pelvic inflammatory disease
[8]Endocrine history: diabetes, thyroid disease

FAMILY HISTORY
Infertility, cystic fibrosis, endometriosis

MEDICATIONS AND DRUGS
Prescription: endocrine, psychoactive, anti-hypertensive

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
[1]Height & weight, neck, arms (carrying angle)
[2]Skin: hirsuitism
[3]Breasts: galactorrhea
[4]Abdomen: girth, adiposity
[5]Mass Pelvic exam: uterus, ovaries, pelvic mass, tenderness Genital ulcers, warts

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
[1]IS SHE OVULATING?
Defects in ovulation comprise about 25% of female fertility problems. The biggest clue that ovulation is occurring is the presence of regular menstrual periods. Regular periods are almost always associated with ovulation. Irregular or scanty menstruation (oligomenorrhea) or absent periods (amenorrhea) have to be investigated by your doctor.It is impossible to describe all the conditions that affect ovulation, but let me hit the highlights and give you some examples of the mechanisms involved. Causes for ovulatory defects can be genetic, as in Turner’s syndrome, or hormonal, as in prolactinoma or the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Deficient or excessive body fat can also lead to hormonal changes that stop ovulation.

[2]IS THERE A CLEAR PASSAGE FROM THE OVARY TO THE UTERUS?
The two main conditions that can affect the fallopian tubes are endometriosis and tubal infection.

[A] ENDOMETRIOSIS
In this condition, implants of endometrial tissue are found outside the uterine cavity, primarily in the pelvis, on the ovaries, tubes, body linings and adjacent organs of the GI and GU tracts. This extra endometrial tissue responds to cyclical estrogen and progesterone in the same way the uterine endometrium does — proliferating, swelling and bleeding. The implants can invade the surrounding tissues, affect nerve endings, and cause scarring and adhesions on adjacent peritoneal surfaces. The most common symptoms of endometriosis are pelvic pain, painful periods (dysmenorrhea) and painful sexual intercourse (dyspareunia). These symptoms generally coincide with menstruation but can become chronic. That said, there are women who have had no complaints at all and are found to have endometriosis at laparoscopy or surgery.

[B] PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE [PID] / SALPINGITIS
PID is the most common cause of tubal factor infertility. The infection involves the upper genital tract (the uterus, the fallopian tubes and the ovaries) and structures around these organs. The infection of the fallopian tube (salpingitis) is the most crucial element causing infertility. The fallopian tube is lined with special, ciliated cells that direct the egg toward the sperm and the fertilized egg into the uterine cavity. Infection can destroy these cells and distort and/or block the tube.
The main bacterial culprits are Neisseria gonococcus (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT). NG is directly kills the special cells; CT probably destroys cells through immunological mechanisms. With the infection, the tubes can become thickened, distorted and blocked. Abscesses can form between the tube and the ovary or in the adjacent pelvis, and can be life threatening. This condition requires prompt, broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment. Interestingly, in about half of cases of tubal infertility secondary to PID, there is no history of acute infection. Chlamydia in particular can linger in the genital tract, causing ongoing subclinical damage. Chronic pelvic pain, infertility and ectopic pregnancy (where the pregnancy develops in the tube instead of the uterus) are the serious consequences of PID.

[3]HOW OLD IS SHE?
Fertility decreases with age. Nationally, in assisted reproductive technology facilities, live birth rates are 37% for women <35>42. As mentioned earlier, there are only so many primordial follicles present in the ovary at birth and they decrease steadily until the time of menarche, from 2-4 million to 400,000. With every cycle, primordial follicles are lost. As women age, more chromosomal abnormalities occur during cell division of the ova. The decreasing numbers of follicles, cycles without ovulation (anovulatory) and poor quality of the ova all combine to diminish the chances of older women, especially after age forty, becoming pregnant.While age is the strongest predictor of a women’s ovarian function, there are some tests that are also helpful. They are the follicle count, which is determined by ultrasound, and blood tests for follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol. All these tests are performed on or about the third day of the menstrual cycle. Follicle count is used because the number of small follicles seen on Day 3 gives a good idea about ovarian reserve.The hormone levels give indirect evidence about ovarian reserve because inhibin, secreted by cells of the follicles, effects the hormone FSH. As the follicle number diminishes, there are fewer cells producing inhibin and FSH increases. As the specialized cells, called granulosa cells, continue to diminish, ovarian estrogen decreases despite elevated FSH. A high FSH and a low estrogen indicate severe loss of follicles.

INFERTILITY DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
The Female Work-up (Diagnostic Tests)

[1] ULTRASOUND : Ultrasound scan is a simple and easy outpatient procedure to examine the internal reproductive organs. It can clearly show the position and size of uterus, endometrial lining and the ovaries. Certain abnormal conditions such as fibroid, double uterus and ovarian cyst can be diagnosed through ultrasound scan alone. In addition, ultrasound scan can be used for the diagnosis of ovulation.
Ultrasound scan appears as a routine practice in the management of infertility, from the initial stages of diagnosis of the cause of infertility, to the eventual confirmation of pregnancy, including routine monitoring of early pregnancy. Ultrasound scan is probably the most important test in investigation of infertility. A well-preformed and detailed ultrasound scan of the female pelvis will give more information than any other single test.
Ultrasound is the only definitive way to tell you have ovulated. Especially TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND SCAN. This can tell if you have LUFS (Lutenized Unruptured Follicle Syndrome), which looks exactly like you are ovulating in every way except the egg is not released.

[2] HORMONAL BLOOD TESTS: perform some basic hormone blood tests. Here is a list of the common blood tests performed. FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)LH (Lutenizing Hormone)EstrogenProgesterone
including estradiol, inhibin B, Pooled progesterone, prolactin,thyroid stimulating hormone, testosterone.

[3] POSTCOITAL TEST: This test will tell if you and your partner’s cervical mucus and sperm are compatible. During the fertile time of your cycle, the doctor will take a sample of the female’s cervical fluid withintwo hours of intercourse. If the sperm survive and move forward in the cervical fluid, you will know the sperm andcervical mucus are compatible.

[4] HSG (Hysterosalpingogram) : This is a Special X-Ray examination. This will tell if your fallopian tubes are open by injecting dyethrough the cervix. Blocked tubes and lesions or polyps on the uterine cavity can be foundwith this method.

TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND SCAN
Definition
Transvaginal ultrasound is a imaging technique used to create a picture of the genital tract in women. The hand-held device that produces the ultrasound waves is inserted directly into the vagina, close to the pelvic structures, thus often producing a clearer and less distorted image than obtained through transabdominal ultrasound technology, where the probe is located externally on the skin of the abdomen.
Purpose
Transvaginal ultrasound can used to evaluate problems or abnormalities of the female genital tract. It may provide more accurate information than transabdominal ultrasound for women who are obese, for women who are being evaluated or treated for infertility , or for women who have difficulty keeping a full bladder. However, it does provide a view of a smaller area than the transabdominal ultrasound.

Types of conditions or abnormalities that can be examined include:
[a]the endometrium of women with infertility problems or who are experiencing abnormal bleeding
[b]sources of unexplained pain
[c]congenital malformations of the ovaries and uterus
[d]ovarian cysts and tumors
[e]pelvic infections, such as pelvic inflammatory disease
[f]bladder abnormalities
[g]a misplaced IUCD (intrauterine contraceptive device)·
[h]other causes of infertility
Transvaginal ultrasound can also be used during pregnancy. Its capability of producing more complete images means that it is especially useful for identifying ectopic pregnancy, fetal heartbeat, and abnormalities of the uterus, placenta, and associated pelvic structures.

FOLLICULOMETRY [ULTRASOUND]
Ultrasound Folliculometry is a serial Transvaginal ultrasound scan test carried out to monitor follicular growth . Ovulation/Follicular growth can be best monitored by ultrasound folliculometry, providing 40–60% effectiveness.
Folliculometry is one of the most accurate method for determining ovulation. Ovulation scans allow the doctor to determine accurately when the egg matures; and when you ovulate. This is often the basic procedure for most infertility treatment since the treatment revolves around the wife’s ovulation. Daily scans are done to visualize the growing follicle, which looks like a black bubble on the screen. Most women can see the follicle clearly for themselves – and know by the scans when the egg has ruptured.
Other useful information which can be determined by these scans is the thickness of the uterine lining – the endometrium. The ripening follicle produces increasing quantities of estrogen, which cause the endometrium to thicken.
The doctor can get a good idea of how much estrogen you are producing (and thus the quality of the egg) based on the thickness and brightness of the endometrium on the ultrasound scan. Ultrasound Folliculometry is started from day 6 – 8 counting from the first day of menstruation. Folliculometry is performed every 2 or 3 days in the initial stages and can be done daily from the day 12, till after the follicle ruptures [post ovulation]. So in a routine ultrasound folliculometry the lady could be scanned transvaginally for between 3 to 6 sessions.

JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX, Ikotun Lagos Nigeria, offer comprehensive infertility screening tests for both couples like Transvaginal Scan for uterine and ovarian functions,Ovulation/follicular tracking, HSG to evaluate the fallopian tubes, blood tests for hormone check, semen analysis etc. We also offer a simple assisted reproductive procedure like INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION [IUI]. For accurate assessment of your fertility situation, contact us at JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX, Ikotun Lagos Nigeria.

Regards
Dr. Victor Efughi
Consultant Clinical Specialist Sonographer

This and other topics of infertility including treatment options are contained in the Secret Fertility System.
Right now, I am going to give you a FREE REPORT on this Incredible System that will make you and your spouse very happy.
To get this FREE REPORT and start making healthy babies of your choice.
JUST GO TO THIS SITE …………  http://bit.ly/9eM8lH

For FREE Consultation and FREE Counseling. Also for Quality and Accurate Medical Diagnostic Tests Contact
JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX

JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX——-WE ARE AN ULTRAMODERN MEDICAL IMAGING CENTER. WE ARE EXPERTS IN ULTRASOUND SCAN SERVICES, 3D/4D COLOUR DOPPLER SCAN SERVICES, X-RAY/RADIOLOGY SERVICES, ECG SERVICES, INFERTILITY SERVICES, HSG SERVICES, LABORATORY SERVICES,BLOOD BANKING SERVICES , DNA SERVICES, AND HEALTH CONSULTANCY/COUNSELLING SERVICES.
We are located at

JOAS HOUSE, 2, Okesuna Street, Opposite Synagogue Church Busstop, Bolorunpelu, Ikotun, Lagos, Nigeria, WestAfrica.

TEL:
+23418112054
+2348023069403
+2348033535729

EMAIL:
joasmedicaldiagnostix@yahoo. com
joasmedicaldiagnostix@gmail. com

http://www.joasdiagnostix.8m.net
http://www.joasmedicaldiagnostix.8m.com
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0DqKdifKE7I

DISCLAIMER
The contents, blogs and postings provided in this site are offered strictly for informational purposes only and should not be construed as legal, medical nor financial advice on any matter.
We have made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information presented, and if you have any questions regarding the contents please contact us.
The informations provided in this site is subject to change without notice.
This site may contain links to other internet sites, we are not responsible for the privacy, practices nor the content of such sites, nor their relationships

FOLLICULAR TRACKING IN INFERTILITY INVESTIGATIONS

Presentation by
Dr. Victor Efughi
DIR, BSc[UK], MSc[Swiss], PhD[h.c.]
Consultant Clinical Specialist Sonographer and Diagnostic Fertility Specialist

JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX Ikotun Lagos Nigeria.

FEMALE FACTOR INFERTILITY
Infertility is the inability of a couple to become pregnant (regardless of cause) after 1 year of unprotected sexual intercourse (using no birth control methods).
Female factor infertility means infertility of a couple because of a problem in the female’s reproductive system. The main causes of female factor infertility are ovulation disorders, tubal disease and endometriosis.

INDICATIONS FOR FOLLICULOMETRY
[1] Monitoring ovulation for infertility checks
[2] To rule out ovarian failure
[3] To rule out anovulatory cycle
[4] To rule out Luteinised follicular syndrome
[5] Gender selection
[6] IUI and IVF [assisted reproduction]

OVARIAN FAILURE FACTOR
The diseases of the ovary which most frequently cause infertility are: anovulation from follicular atresia, the empty follicle syndrome, the luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome; chronic anovulation syndromes, within which polycystic ovarian syndrome plays a major role; ovarian endometriosis.
Sonography and Color Doppler US are the first choice procedures in the monitoring of ovarian cycles, which combined with serum hormone values, are able to identify possible changes in the physiologic sequence of the cycle. In follicular atresia, ovaries with minute follicles (3mm or less) and early disappearance of primary follicle are observed on sonography. The empty follicle syndrome characterized by the lack of oocytes within the primary follicle, is of difficult sonographic diagnosis, a possible sign being the missed visualization of cumulus oophorus. The luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome consists in the absence of oocyte expulsion from primary follicle persisting more than 48 hours after LH blood peak.

THE OVARY
The ovary is an ovum-producing reproductive organ, often found in pairs as part of the vertebrate female reproductive system. Ovaries in females are homologous to testes in males, in that they are both gonads and endocrine glands.
Ovaries are oval shaped and, in the human, measure approximately 3 cm x 1.5 cm x 1.5 cm (about the size of a Greek olive). The ovary (for a given side) is located in the lateral wall of the pelvis in a region called the ovarian fossa. The fossa usually lies beneath the external iliac artery and in front of the ureter and the internal iliac artery.
Each ovary is then attached to the fimbria of the fallopian tube. Usually each ovary takes turns releasing eggs every month; however, if there was a case where one ovary was absent or dysfunctional then the other ovary would continue providing eggs to be released.

1. OOGENESIS
The female germ cells, called oogonia, lodge in the outer layer, or cortex, of the ovary. They divide rapidly and at the fifth month of a female fetus’s life number up to 6-7 million cells. At that time, they begin maturation and are now called primary oocytes, eventually maturing to become primordial follicles. At birth, a female baby will have 2-4 million primordial follicles. In terms of numbers, birth is the high point, as many of the follicles will degenerate so that, by puberty, a woman will have, on average, about 400,000 of these follicles in her ovaries. It has been generally accepted that these are all the germ cells a woman has for her lifetime because these cells have not been known to multiply during life the way the spermatogonia do. Although there is one recent article that suggests that germ cells in the ovary may be able to regenerate later in life, in humans, for all practical purposes “what you have at birth is what you get for life” is still the case.

2. FOLLICLE DEVELOPMENT
Throughout female life from the onset of menstruation (menarche) to menopause, a small number of these primordial follicles are constantly beginning development. At puberty, hormones from the hypothalamus and pituitary glands in the brain will start to influence ovarian function. Without these hormones, the follices will not survive. The names of the hormones: gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).

3. OVULATION
With respect to the ovary, the menstrual cycle is divided into two phases: the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is dominated by the development of the follicle under the influence of FSH, while the luteal phase is dominated by another pituitary hormone, luteinizing hormone (LH). LH and FSH cause the production of prostaglandins and enzymes that disrupt the follicle and release the ovum, or egg, from the ovary. This release into the peritoneal space at the open fringed end of the fallopian duct is called ovulation.

OVARIAN FOLLICLES
Ovarian follicle is the basic unit of female reproductive biology and is composed of roughly spherical aggregations of cells found in the ovary. They contain a single oocyte (aka ovum or egg). These structures are periodically initiated to grow and develop, culminating in ovulation of usually a single competent oocyte. These eggs/ova are only developed once every menstrual cycle (i.e, once a month).

GRAFFIAN FOLLICLE
A mature ovarian follicle in which the oocyte attains its full size and the surrounding follicular cells are permeated by one or more fluid-filled cavities. Also called secondary follicle, vesicular ovarian follicle.The Graafian follicle is characterized by a large, fluid-filled antrum, and an eccentric oocyte. The granulosa cells can be divided into two groups; the zona granulosa is a thin layer along the periphery of the follicle and the corona radiata surrounds the oocyte. The oocyte has undergone the first meiotic division, giving rise to a secondary oocyte and the first polar body. The secondary oocyte is now arrested in metaphase of the second meiotic division and will so remain until fertilization. The first meiotic division appears to be initiated by LH acting on granulosa cells, however the exact mechanism of action is unknown. The Graafian follicle represents the final stage of follicular development before ovulation.
The Graafian follicle is identified by the large antrum , and the corona radiata that surrounds the actual oocyte and projects into the antrum
CUMULUS OOPHORUS: a mass of follicular cells surrounding the oocyte in the vesicular ovarian follicle.

FOLLICULAR TRACKING BY ULTRASOUND
Ultrasound Folliculometry is a serial Transvaginal ultrasound scan test carried out to monitor follicular growth . Follicular growth can be best monitored by ultrasound , providing 40–70% effectiveness. Folliculometry is one of the most accurate method for determining ovulation. Ovulation scans allow us to determine accurately when the follicle matures; and when it ruptures. Daily scans are done to visualize the growing follicle, which looks like a black bubble on the screen. Other useful information which can be determined by these scans is the thickness of the uterine lining – the endometrium. The ripening follicle produces increasing quantities of estrogen, which cause the endometrium to thicken. We can get a good idea of how much estrogen the patient is producing (and thus the quality of the egg) based on the thickness and brightness of the endometrium on the ultrasound scan.

In a normal ovarian cycle, a single follicle begin to mature under the influence of the gonadotrophic hormone FSH and LH. The follicle appears sonographically as a vesicular echo free structure on the ovary. While some small follicles from 0.4 to 0.6cm in diameter can usually be seen in both ovaries during the initial days of the cycle, a follicle on one of the ovaries become dorminant starting about day 10, enlarging to a diameter of approximately 1 cm. That follicle grows at an almost linear rate of 2 to 3mm per day over the next 4 to 5 days reaching a size of 18 to 24mm just before ovulation. The follicle may have a somewhat elliptical shape initially , but the preovulatory follicle is generally round.
Research found a good correlation between follicular size by ultrasound and the serum estradiol level .
In folliculometry the follicle diameter is determined by measuring the internal diameter of the follicle in three planes [ long, transverse, anterior-posterior] and taking the average of these diameters.
Sonographic follicular monitoring is started on about 6 to 8 days of the menstrual cycle, on day 10 when the dormant follicle presumably has reached a minimum size of 1cm. The scans are repeated at intervals of 1 to 2 days until ovulation is detected.
Occassionally the Cumulus Oophorus can be identified with a high resolution scanner shortly before ovulation. It appears as a peripheral circular feature within the follicular wall.
During folliculometry [transvaginally] we should make an effort to see the Cumulus mass. When a cumulus mass is seen, it can be taken as evidence of a sign of maturity of that particular follicle and oocyte. Cumulus visualization by ultrasound appears to be an indicator for mature oocytes and successful fertilization. Follicles in which the cumulus cannot be visualized are unlikely to contain mature oocytes or oocytes in which fertilization is achieved.
Normally ovulation is not expected to occur until the follicle has reached a size of 1.7cm.

Once ovulation has occurred , various sonographic changes maybe observed
[1] Complete disappearance of the cystic structure in the ovary.
[2] Collapse of the cystic structure with a decrease in its diameter.
[3] A cystic mass with internal echoes [the corpus hemorrhagicum]
[4] The presence of follicular fluid in the cul de sac.

Serial ultrasound examinations cannot only demonstrate normal follicular development. These include failure of the follicle to mature.
Defficient growth of the follicle and Luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome.

COMPLICATIONS

OVARIAN HYPERSTIMULATION SYNDROME

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a common
complication in assisted reproductive technologies. It is seen
to occur in ,10% of the treatments, and the severe form is
observed in 0.5–2% of IVF cycles . OHSS
is usually described by enlarged multicystic ovaries, ascites
and haemoconcentration. Acute renal failure due to a hypovolaemic
state following production of protein-rich ascites in
patients with OHSS .
Even though the complication risk related to IVF is low,
one should be aware of a possible compression or damage to the ureters with subsequent development of acute renal failure.

THANK YOU……..

This and other topics of infertility including treatment options are contained in the Secret Fertility System.
Right now, I am going to give you a FREE REPORT on this Incredible System that will make you and your spouse very happy.
To get this FREE REPORT and start making healthy babies of your choice.
JUST GO TO THIS SITE …………  http://bit.ly/9eM8lH

TRANSVAGINAL SCAN AND FEMALE INFERTILITY

FEMALE INFERTILITY
Infertility in a couple that relates to factors associated with the woman rather than the man.
DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE INFERTILITY
Many women trying to conceive for the first time panic if their periods continue for even three or four months. But the standard definition of infertility is unsuccessful conception after an entire year of unprotected intercourse. At that point, a couple should seek a comprehensive examination that includes menstrual and pregnancy history, semen analysis, ovulation tests, and sometimes a laparoscopy to detect endometriosis or pelvic adhesions. Such testing determines the causes of infertility in 70 to 85 percent of all couples.

CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS OF FEMALE INFERTILITY
Many factors may account for infertility: abnormalities of the uterus (such as fibroids); ovarian dysfunction; endometriosis; scar tissue from previous surgery; thyroid problems or other hormonal imbalances; sexually transmitted diseases or other infections in the man or woman; and a low sperm count.
Female reproductive problems account for 40 percent of all infertility cases; male reproductive problems account for another 40 percent; and 20 percent of the time physicians cannot determine precisely what is wrong.

DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES THAT ASSIST FERTILITY

UTERINE EVALUATION
The uterus (womb) is lined by a specialized layer of cells called the endometrium. It is on this lining that embryos implant and begin to develop in pregnancy. It is critical to thoroughly evaluate the uterine cavity for potential defects or obstacles to implantation of the embryo. Examples of such include uterine scar tissue (from previous pregnancies or procedures), polyps (benign glandular growths), fibroids, or other structural defects in the uterus.

TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION
Ultrasound, or sonography, involves sending sound waves into the body. These sound waves are reflected off the internal organs, and the reflections are then recorded by special instruments that create an image of the organs. No ionizing radiation (X-ray) is involved in ultrasound imaging.
This is an ultrasound examination performed by placing a probe (medical camera) into the vagina. A transvaginal ultrasound provides images that are much more clear than those obtained by placing the probe on the abdominal wall. This examination may be performed at the onset of your menstrual cycle on Day 2, 3, or 4 or it may be performed midcycle. Midcycle examinations (performed when the lining is at its thickest point) may provide more information about the quality and integrity of the endometrial cavity.
This test, which may also be performed on any day of the menstrual cycle, provides information on the overall size and volume of the ovaries. It also enables your physician to obtain an antral follicle count. Antral follicles are small (<10 mm) egg sacs within the ovary that may be capable of developing during the upcoming menstrual cycle. The finding of four or more antral follicles suggests the presence of normal “ovarian reserve”, ie. a reasonable number of oocytes present within the ovary and a better prognosis for subsequent fertility.
With transvaginal ultrasound, the ultrasound transducer (a hand-held probe) is inserted directly into the vagina. Transvaginal ultrasound is most commonly used to examine the uterus and ovaries and to monitor the health and development of the embryo during pregnancy. Ultrasound images can help to identify palpable masses such as ovarian cysts and fibroids, as well as ovarian or uterine cancers. IVF cycling patients are checked regularly with a transvaginal ultrasound to monitor the size and number of developing follicles.
Transvaginal ultrasound is performed very much like a gynecologic exam. The tip of the transducer is smaller than a gynecologic speculum. A protective cover lubricated with gel is placed over the transducer, which is then inserted into the vagina. Only two to three inches of the transducer end are inserted into the vagina. The images are obtained from different orientations to get the best views of the uterus and ovaries.

FALLOPIAN TUBE EVALUATION
Issues with the fallopian tubes account for approximately 30% of female infertility problems. Common problems result from tubal blockage or scarring from previous, sometimes undiagnosed, pelvic infection. Other conditions, such as abdominal infections like appendicitis, prior surgeries, prior ectopic pregnancy, or endometriosis may also lead to fallopian tube damage. Tubal blockage or scarring may occur from previous pelvic or abdominal infection, pelvic surgery, ectopic pregnancy, or endometriosis. Prior tubal ligation (tying of the tubes) for contraception would also prevent the tubes from functioning normally.

HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY (HSG)
Hysterosalpingogram is a procedure in which radiographic contrast (dye) is injected into the uterine cavity through the vagina and cervix and X-ray pictures are taken as the dye is expelled from your reproductive system. The uterine cavity fills with dye, and if the fallopian tubes are open, the dye will then fill the tubes and spill out into the abdominal cavity. In this way we can determine whether the fallopian tubes are open or blocked and whether the blockage is located at the junction of the tube and the uterus (proximal) or whether it is at the end of the fallopian tube (distal).
If a blockage is detected, we will discuss with you effective treatments for tubal factor infertility.
Your HSG can also give us a better picture of the uterine cavity and detect the presence of polyps, fibroids, or scar tissue. The fallopian tubes can also be examined for defects within the tube or suggestion of a partial blockage.
The hysterosalpingogram takes only about 20 minutes to perform. During the procedure you are likely to experience some mild cramping, so you may wish to ask your doctor about taking pain medication such as Tylenol or Ibuprofen a half hour prior to the HSG . The test involves the following steps:

[1]The specialist places a speculum in the vagina and examines the cervix. Your cervix is cleaned with an antibacterial soap.
[2]A clamp may be attached onto your cervix to hold it steady. A small, bendable plastic tube is gently pushed through the opening of your cervix into your uterus, and a tiny balloon on the end of the tube is filled with air to hold it temporarily in place.
[3]The speculum is removed but the thin tube will be left in place, with one end (about 6 inches of tubing) remaining outside of your vagina.
[4]A small amount of contrast dye is injected through the tube into your uterus, and several X-ray pictures are taken. Your doctor may ask you to move your pelvis slightly or roll from side to side to provide the clearest view of your uterus. You may experience some uterine cramping as the contrast dye goes into the tube.
[5]The procedure is now complete. The balloon will be emptied of air from the outside and the tube will be gently pulled out.

After the procedure, your doctor will review the X-ray pictures and discuss the results of the hysterosalpingogram with you.
You may experience slight vaginal bleeding and cramping after the procedure, and some sticky vaginal discharge as some of the gel and fluid drains out. A pad can be used for the vaginal discharge. Do not use a tampon.
Pregnancy rates in several studies have been reported to be slightly increased in the first months following a hysterosalpingogram. This may be due to the flushing of the tubes with the contrast, which could open a minor blockage or clean out some debris that may be hindering conception.

TREATMENT OF FEMALE INFERTILITY
The treatment of infertility has made enormous progress in the last decade as a result of advances in assisted reproductive technology, or ART. This technology combines the use of fertility drugs – hormonal therapy – with artificial insemination using any of a group of techniques: intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT), or oocyte (egg) donation.
Intrauterine insemination (IUI): In this procedure, a small amount of concentrated sperm, first “washed” to remove most of the seminal plasma that surrounds it, is placed in the uterus through a thin plastic catheter that is passed through the vagina and cervix. Usually painless, the IUI procedure takes only a few minutes to accomplish.
IUI is almost always used in combination with a fertility drug – clomiphene or Pergonal – to stimulate ovulation followed by an HCG injection to trigger the release of an egg. The timing of the IUI is determined with the help of vaginal ultrasound, previous cycle lengths, BBT temperature graphs, or urinary LH correlation kits.

This and other topics of infertility including treatment options are contained in the Secret Fertility System.
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JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX, Ikotun Lagos Nigeria, offer comprehensive infertility screening tests for both couples like Transvaginal Scan for uterine and ovarian functions,Ovulation/follicular tracking, HSG to evaluate the fallopian tubes, blood tests for hormone check, semen analysis etc. For accurate assessment of your fertility situation, contact us at JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX, Ikotun Lagos Nigeria.

Regards
Dr. Victor Efughi
Consultant Clinical Specialist Sonographer

For FREE Consultation and FREE Counseling. Also for Quality and Accurate Medical Diagnostic Tests Contact
JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX

JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX——-WE ARE AN ULTRAMODERN MEDICAL IMAGING CENTER. WE ARE EXPERTS IN ULTRASOUND SCAN SERVICES, 3D/4D COLOUR DOPPLER SCAN SERVICES, X-RAY/RADIOLOGY SERVICES, ECG SERVICES, INFERTILITY SERVICES, HSG SERVICES, LABORATORY SERVICES,BLOOD BANKING SERVICES , DNA SERVICES, AND HEALTH CONSULTANCY/COUNSELLING SERVICES.
We are located at

JOAS HOUSE, 2, Okesuna Street, Opposite Synagogue Church Busstop, Bolorunpelu, Ikotun, Lagos, Nigeria, WestAfrica.

TEL:
+23418112054
+2348023069403
+2348033535729

EMAIL:
joasmedicaldiagnostix@yahoo.com
joasmedicaldiagnostix@gmail.com
http://www.joasdiagnostix.8m.net
http://www.joasmedicaldiagnostix.8m.com
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0DqKdifKE7I

DISCLAIMER
The contents, blogs and postings provided in this site are offered strictly for informational purposes only and should not be construed as legal, medical nor financial advice on any matter.
We have made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information presented, and if you have any questions regarding the contents please contact us.
The informations provided in this site is subject to change without notice.
This site may contain links to other internet sites, we are not responsible for the privacy, practices nor the content of such sites, nor their relationships

INSEMINATION PROCEDURES FOR INFERTILITY

Insemination procedures for infertility
By Bets Davis, MFA; Sandy Jocoy, RN

Treatment Overview
An insemination procedure uses a thin, flexible tube (catheter) to put sperm into the woman’s reproductive tract. For some couples with infertility problems, insemination can improve the chances of pregnancy.

Donor sperm are used if the male partner is sterile, has an extremely low sperm count, or carries a risk of genetic disease. A woman planning to conceive without a male partner can also use donor sperm.

Prior to insemination, the sperm usually are washed and concentrated (placing unwashed sperm directly into the uterus can cause severe cramps). Concentration is accomplished by selectively choosing highly active, healthy sperm that are more capable of fertilizing an egg.

Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is the placing of sperm into a woman’s uterus when she is ovulating. This is achieved with a thin flexible tube (catheter) that is passed into the vagina, through the cervix, and into the uterus.

IUI can use sperm from the male partner or a donor. It is often combined with superovulation medication to increase the number of available eggs.

Artificial insemination (AI)
Artificial insemination (AI) is another name for intrauterine insemination but can also refer to placing sperm in a woman’s vagina or cervix when she is ovulating. The sperm then travel into the fallopian tubes, where they can fertilize the woman’s egg or eggs.

AI can be done with sperm from the male partner or a donor, and can be combined with superovulation.

What To Expect After Treatment
These techniques are done on an outpatient basis and require only a short recovery time. You may experience cramping during the procedure, especially if sperm are inserted into your uterus. You may be advised to avoid strenuous activities for the remainder of the day.

Why It Is Done
Intrauterine insemination or artificial insemination may be done if:

?Tests have shown no cause for a couple’s infertility (unexplained infertility).
?A man releases semen and sperm into the urinary bladder instead of out the penis (retrograde ejaculation). Sperm are collected, washed, and used for insemination.
?A man’s sperm are absent, low in quantity, or poor in quality. In this case, your doctor may recommend that you try ICSI. ICSI stands for intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
?There is a problem with a woman’s cervix, as from prior surgery, that prevents sperm from traveling through it.
?A woman does not have a male partner.
How Well It Works
Insemination procedures can improve your chances of becoming pregnant, especially when combined with superovulation treatment.1 Treatment success is strongly influenced by a woman’s age (an aging egg supply decreases pregnancy rate, and miscarriage risk increases with age).

Note: Most of the following success rates are given in terms of pregnancies conceived; they do not reflect the fact that some pregnancies miscarry. In any group of women, live birth rates are lower than early pregnancy rates.

Treating unexplained infertility
?Superovulated IUI offers a greater chance of pregnancy than does superovulated AI.1
?Without superovulation, IUI, AI, and well-timed intercourse produce similar pregnancy rates.1
Treating male infertility
?For mild male infertility, IUI has produced double the pregnancy rate (6.5%) of AI or well-timed intercourse (3%).1
?Superovulation may only slightly increase the chance of conception when using IUI for mild male infertility.1
Treating endometriosis-related infertility
?For infertility caused by mild endometriosis, women treated with IUI combined with gonadotropin superovulation had a much higher birth rate than those receiving no treatment.1
Studies have found no benefit to the practice of performing two IUI procedures per cycle for “subfertile” couples (who have not naturally conceived in 1 year but have no severe causes of infertility).2

Risks
Insemination combined with superovulation increases the risk of multiple pregnancy (conceiving more than one fetus).1Multiple pregnancy is high-risk for mother and fetuses. For more information, see the topic Multiple Pregnancy: Twins or More.

Insemination procedures pose a slight risk of infection.

Some women experience severe cramping during insemination.

There is a slight risk of puncturing the uterus during intrauterine insemination.

There is a slight risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome if superovulation is used together with insemination.

What To Think About
Insemination procedures are the simplest and least expensive methods of assisted reproduction. No anesthesia or surgery is needed.

Use of donor sperm
If donor sperm are necessary, you can choose a known or anonymous donor who is willing to provide sperm.

?Donor sperm from a male who isn’t a sex partner (as from a sperm bank, friend, or relative) must remain frozen for at least 6 months before it can be used. This is done so that the donor can be tested twice over 6 months to ensure that he does not have any number of infectious diseases, including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).3
?Frozen sperm are less effective than fresh sperm.
?A couple may choose to use sperm from a donor who resembles the male partner.
http://www.joasmedical.com/
Culled from……..http://health.yahoo.com/reproductive-treatment/insemination-procedures-for-infertility/healthwise–hw202610.html

This and other topics of infertility including treatment options are contained in the Secret Fertility System.
Right now, I am going to give you a FREE REPORT on this Incredible System that will make you and your spouse very happy.
To get this FREE REPORT and start making healthy babies of your choice.
JUST GO TO THIS SITE …………  http://bit.ly/9eM8lH

For further informations , FREE CONSULTANCY and COUNSELLING , Contact JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX
JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX………….WE ARE AN ULTRAMODERN MEDICAL IMAGING CENTER. WE ARE EXPERTS IN ULTRASOUND SCAN SERVICES, 3D/4D COLOUR DOPPLER SCAN SERVICES, X-RAY/RADIOLOGY SERVICES, ECG SERVICES, INFERTILITY SERVICES, HSG SERVICES, LABORATORY SERVICES,BLOOD BANKING SERVICES , DNA SERVICES, AND HEALTH CONSULTANCY/COUNSELLING SERVICES.

We are located at

JOAS HOUSE, 2, Okesuna Street, Opposite Synagogue Church Busstop, Bolorunpelu, Ikotun, Lagos, Nigeria, WestAfrica.

TEL:

+23418112054

+2348023069403
+2348033535729

EMAIL:

info@joasmedical.com
joasdiagnostix@yahoo.com
joasmedicaldiagnostix@yahoo.com
http://www.joasmedical.com/
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0DqKdifKE7I

DISCLAIMER
The contents, blogs and postings provided in this site are offered strictly for informational purposes only and should not be construed as legal, medical nor financial advice on any matter. We have made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information presented, and if you have any questions regarding the contents please contact us.
The informations provided in this site is subject to change without notice.
This site may contain links to other internet sites, we are not responsible for the privacy, practices nor the content of such sites, nor their relationships

ULTRASOUND FOR INFERTILITY
By Bets Davis, MFA; Sandy Jocoy, RN

Exam Overview

Ultrasound technology provides a nonsurgical way of viewing a woman’s pelvic organs during various infertility tests and procedures. It uses high-frequency sound waves that travel at different speeds through body organs and tissues. The waves are then reflected back to a detector where they are converted into pictures. The probe (transducer) that is used to assess and help treat infertility-related conditions is placed within the vagina (transvaginal).

A hysterosonogram is done to evaluate the inside of the uterus (endometrial cavity) by filling the uterus with fluid during a transvaginal ultrasound. This procedure is also known as a sonohysterogram.

Ultrasound used for monitoring of ovarian follicle development can provide information about the number and size of developing follicles, the reaction of the uterine lining (endometrium) to follicle growth, and when to schedule artificial or intrauterine insemination just before you ovulate. Transvaginal ultrasound is better than transabdominal ultrasound for monitoring follicle growth, counting the number of follicles, and evaluating the thickness and pattern of growth of the uterine lining.

Ultrasound is a rapid, vaginally invasive procedure, is usually not painful, and requires no special dietary preparations. It is performed on an outpatient basis. Results are interpreted by a radiologist or a gynecologist. Testing requires that you empty your bladder and takes about 20 minutes.

Why It Is Done

Transvaginal ultrasound may be done to:

?View the external structures of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.

?Monitor the development of follicles in the ovary leading to ovulation. This helps to know when to schedule artificial or intrauterine insemination just before you ovulate.

?View the uterus and uterine lining.

?Guide the needle used to remove eggs to be used in assisted reproductive techniques.

?Count the number of egg follicles in the ovaries, which, along with your age and blood tests, may be used to give an estimate of treatment success.

For a comparison between ultrasound and laparoscopy, see ultrasound and assisted reproductive techniques.

Results

Findings of ultrasound may include the following.

Normal

The uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries are of normal size and shape with no visible growths or scar tissue or injury site (abnormal attachments to the wall of the abdomen). Follicle number and development appear normal.

Abnormal

Problems may include:

?Abnormally thick or deformed uterine lining.

?Structural defects or enlarged uterus.

?Growths within the organs, such as uterine fibroids or ovarian cysts.

?Abnormalities of the fallopian tubes, such as hydrosalpinx.

?Few visible egg follicles in the ovaries.

What To Think About

Small tumors and scars as well as some internal structures, such as a dividing tissue growth (septum) within the uterus, may not be visible with ultrasound.
http://www.joasmedical.com/
Culled from……….http://health.yahoo.com/reproductive-diagnosis/ultrasound-for-infertility/healthwise–hw201998.html

This and other topics of infertility including treatment options are contained in the Secret Fertility System.
Right now, I am going to give you a FREE REPORT on this Incredible System that will make you and your spouse very happy.
To get this FREE REPORT and start making healthy babies of your choice.
JUST GO TO THIS SITE …………  http://bit.ly/9eM8lH

For further informations , FREE CONSULTANCY and COUNSELLING , Contact JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX

JOAS MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIX…….WE ARE AN ULTRAMODERN MEDICAL IMAGING CENTER. WE ARE EXPERTS IN ULTRASOUND SCAN SERVICES, 3D/4D COLOUR DOPPLER SCAN SERVICES, X-RAY/RADIOLOGY SERVICES, ECG SERVICES, INFERTILITY SERVICES, HSG SERVICES, LABORATORY SERVICES,BLOOD BANKING SERVICES , DNA SERVICES, AND HEALTH CONSULTANCY/COUNSELLING SERVICES.

We are located at

JOAS HOUSE, 2, Okesuna Street, Opposite Synagogue Church Busstop, Bolorunpelu, Ikotun, Lagos, Nigeria, WestAfrica.

TEL:

+23418112054

+2348023069403

EMAIL:

info@joasmedical.com
joasdiagnostix@yahoo.com
joasmedicaldiagnostix@yahoo.com
http://www.joasmedical.com/
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0DqKdifKE7I

DISCLAIMER
The contents, blogs and postings provided in this site are offered strictly for informational purposes only and should not be construed as legal, medical nor financial advice on any matter. We have made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information presented, and if you have any questions regarding the contents please contact us.
The informations provided in this site is subject to change without notice.
This site may contain links to other internet sites, we are not responsible for the privacy, practices nor the content of such sites, nor their relationships